Dr. Olga Sambolska. Photo courtesy of Family Medical Practice

Dr. Olga Sambolska *

As a gynaecologist, I have seen first-hand the importance of breast health in women's overall health. Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide and early detection is key to successful treatment. However, breast health is not just about cancer detection, it is also about maintaining healthy breasts throughout a woman's life.

One of the most important things women can do to maintain good breast health is to conduct regular breast self-exams. This involves checking your breasts for any changes or abnormalities, such as lumps or bumps, changes in size or shape, or discharge from the nipples. Women should perform breast self-exams at least once a month, ideally after their period when the breasts are less tender and swollen. If you notice any changes or abnormalities, it is important to see a healthcare provider right away.

In addition to breast self-exams, women should also have regular clinical breast exams performed by their healthcare provider. This typically involves a physical exam of the breasts and surrounding tissue to check for any abnormalities or changes. Women should have their first clinical breast exam by the age of 20 and then every one to three years until the age of 40, after which they should have an annual exam. Women with a family history of breast cancer or other risk factors may need to start screening earlier or have more frequent exams.

Mammograms are another important tool for breast cancer detection. A mammogram is a low-dose X-ray of the breasts that can detect changes or abnormalities that may not be visible during a physical exam. Women should start getting mammograms at age 40 and continue to have them annually. Women with a family history of breast cancer or other risk factors may need to start screening earlier or have more frequent mammograms.

While breast cancer is a serious concern, it is important to remember that most breast changes are not cancerous. However, any changes or abnormalities should be evaluated by a healthcare provider to determine the cause and appropriate treatment. Some common non-cancerous breast conditions include fibrocystic breast changes, breast infections, and benign breast tumours.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can also help promote good breast health. This includes getting regular exercise, eating a healthy diet, limiting alcohol consumption, and not smoking. Women who are overweight or obese may also be at a higher risk for breast cancer and should strive to maintain a healthy weight.

Breastfeeding is also an important aspect of breast health. Women who breastfeed their babies have a lower risk of breast cancer, as well as other health benefits for both mother and baby. Breastfeeding helps to reduce exposure to estrogen, a hormone that can promote the growth of some types of breast cancer cells.

Women who breastfeed their babies have a lower risk of breast cancer. Photo shutterstock.com

In addition to maintaining good breast health, it is also important for women to be aware of potential signs of breast cancer. These can include:

- A lump or thickening in the breast or underarm area

- Changes in the size or shape of the breast

- Nipple discharge or inversion

- Skin changes on the breast, such as redness, dimpling, or puckering

- Breast pain or tenderness

If you notice any of these symptoms, it is important to see a healthcare provider right away. While these symptoms may not necessarily be a sign of breast cancer, they should still be evaluated to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.

In conclusion, breast health is an important aspect of women's health that should not be overlooked. By conducting regular breast self-exams, having clinical breast exams and mammograms as recommended, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, women can help promote good breast health and detect any potential issues early. Remember, the earlier breast cancer is detected, the better the chances for successful treatment and survival. If you have any questions or concerns about your breast health, be sure to speak with your healthcare provider. Family Medical Practice

*Dr. Olga Sambolska graduated from Lviv National Medical University in 1996 and commenced her medical career at the Volyn Regional Maternity Hospital in Ukraine. Since 1998 she has been a registered obstetrics and gynecology doctor, providing healthcare to women in relation to pregnancy, birth control, menopausal issues, contraception, menstrual cycle diseases and sexually transmitted diseases. She is fluent in Ukrainian, Russian, Polish and English.  

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