Workers on a medicine packaging line at Bình Định Pharmaceutical and Medical Equipment JSC in the northern province of Bình Định. — VNA/VNS Photo Dương Ngọc

HÀ NỘI — Domestically-made drugs have met nearly half the demand of Vietnamese people in treatment and prevention of diseases, while the country has successfully produced 12 out of 13 types of vaccines used nationwide.

These were some of the positive signs for the Vietnamese pharmaceutical industry announced at a meeting held late last week to review the results of the health ministry’s ‘Vietnamese people prioritise Việt Nam-made pharmaceuticals’ programme, which aims at reducing reliance on foreign drugs and boosting domestic production.

Deputy health minister Trương Quốc Cường said in the last 10 years, there has been a marked change of mindset among consumers, businesses and health officials, with domestically-produced medications increasingly appreciated for their quality and more affordable prices compared to foreign counterparts.

According to the health ministry’s report, Việt Nam currently has four vaccine producers, with a capacity of 30 million doses for the entire country.

There are 198 pharmaceutical manufacturers that have obtained World Health Organisation (WHO) Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) certification, while 11 plants have been built and invested under the stringent standards found in many advanced countries like the US, Japan or EU.

652 medication products produced in Việt Nam has been recognised as possessing the same pharmaceutical properties of generic and designer drugs, the report said.

In 2018, Vietnamese medications accounted for 65.53 per cent of total medication use in provincial-level and district-level hospitals, with half of the provinces and cities in the country recording more than 50 per cent of Vietnamese drugs used.

The south-central province of Phú Yên, with 87 per cent in 2018, leads the country in terms of using domestically-made medicines, followed by Quảng Bình, Tuyên Quang, Kon Tum and Thừa Thiên-Huế with reported ratios of between 70-76 per cent.

Favouring foreign medicines

For many central-level hospitals in major cities of HCM City or Hà Nội however, the story is a little different.

While the general trend looks positive with incremental increases year-on-year from 2015, hospitals directly under the health ministry’s management – also usually the largest and most reputable in the country like Bạch Mai, Việt Nam-Germany Hospital or the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynaecology – still reported an average rate of below 10 per cent of domestic drugs used, in terms of monetary value, according to health ministry.

Explaining the low rate, Cường said that these hospitals are considered the ‘highest level’ hospitals, receiving both patients from the major city they are based in and from other provinces or patients which local hospitals are not capable of treating, so the drugs used here are highly specialised – for example, those for heart diseases, cancer drugs, anti-rejection medicines – that domestic companies have not been able to make.

However, he noted that there remains a significant portion of Vietnamese – in the general public and among health officials themselves – who are not totally convinced of Việt Nam-made drugs, especially generic ones.

Given the Government’s policy to encourage State hospitals’ financial autonomies, the competition for consumers’ satisfaction might lead to hospitals’ catering to Vietnamese people’s favouritism towards foreign-made medications, Cường said.

In order to change more people’s mindset, Cường said that the health sector would need to seriously step up its efforts in information campaigns across various formats – including talk shows or radio and television programmes, scientific conferences, and advertisements – to advocate the use of domestically-produced drugs to a wider population.

The health ministry has also recently launched the second edition of the ‘Việt Nam Pharmaceutical Star’ programme to select the best, affordable medical products to promote.

The health ministry is also considering putting the ratio of Việt Nam-made drug use as one of the criteria in the annual assessment of hospitals’ quality, as well as tightening the management over pharmacists’ prescriptions of needlessly expensive foreign-made products while Vietnamese alternatives are available. — VNS