PARIS - French lawmakers have voted massively to extend a state of emergency as President Francois Hollande said that a call to boost reserve forces had paved the way towards a "National Guard".

The government is scrambling to find new ways to assure a jittery population after its third major attack in 18 months saw a truck driver plough into a crowd celebrating Bastille Day in Nice, killing 84 people.

After seven hours of fraught debate into the night, during which the opposition accused the government of being lax on security, the lower house of parliament voted by 489 to 26 to prolong the state of emergency for a further six months.

Then on Wednesday afternoon, a large majority of senators followed suit, voting to extend the state of emergency by 309 to 26.

It is the fourth time the measures have been extended since Islamic State jihadists struck Paris in November, killing 130 people at restaurants, a concert hall and the national stadium.

Hollande had planned to lift the measures on July 26 but changed tack after the Nice attack by Tunisian Mohamed Lahouaiej Bouhlel. 

IS said the Tunisian driver was one of its "soldiers" but investigators say that while he showed a recent interest in jihadist activity, there was no evidence he acted on behalf of the extremist group.

Hollande said that of the 331 people injured in the attack, 15 were still fighting for their lives. The victims came from 38 different nations.

As part of the government’s reaction to the assault -- which has exposed it to tough questions over security failures -- a call has gone out for volunteers in the reserve forces.

Between current reservists, and the call for more volunteers, "we can say that France, with you, is forming a National Guard," Hollande said Wednesday on a visit to a military training complex in southwest France.

France’s reserve force comprises civilian volunteers in the police, army and paramilitary police, who can be deployed for specific missions.

 Extra police powers 

Hollande’s Socialist government had proposed a three-month extension to the state of emergency but relented to demands from the conservative opposition

that the tough security laws be kept in place until the end of January.

The laws give the police extra powers to carry out searches and place people under house arrest.

On Wednesday, MPs also voted to allow authorities to search luggage and vehicles without prior approval from a prosecutor and to allow the police to seize data from computers and mobile phones.

The legislation also makes it easier for authorities to shut down places of worship where calls for violence and hate are made.

The bill then passed to the upper house, where an overwhelming majority also approved the extension.

With elections due next year, the cross-party solidarity seen after last year’s attack on satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo and a Jewish supermarket has all but evaporated.

But Socialist members of the lower house and majority-conservative senators reached a deal on ammendments before the legislation was put to a vote.

During a visit to Portugal Tuesday Hollande had appealed for greater unity.

"The terrorists want to divide us, to separate us and turn people against each other," he warned.

The government has defended its response to the jihadist threat, pointing to a raft of new anti-terror laws and the deployment of thousands of troops to patrol the streets.

A recent parliamentary commission of inquiry said however the new laws had had a "limited impact" on security. - AFP