Lương Hoàng Thái. — Photo VGP

Lương Hoàng Thái, director general of the Multilateral Trade Policy Department, under the Ministry of Trade and Industry, speaks to Việt Nam News Agency about the likely benefits and impacts of the CPTPP on the country’s economy.

Will Việt Nam’s interests be harmed by the CPTPP, especially because it is being enacted without the participation of the USA?

All 11 countries signing the CPTPP have committed to open their market, investment and public procurement according to what had already been agreed on in the TPP. That’s why, basically speaking, zero per cent of taxes will be levied on goods among all the CPTPP members. However, the other 10 member nations have agreed to give Việt Nam a longer road map in implementing the tax article.

The other 10 member nations have committed to opening their markets for Việt Nam at a high level. For example, for the case of cá ngừ (tuna fish), Japan has agreed to open their market for our tuna fish. In addition, they are also committed to opening their markets for our agricultural products.

CPTPP members without the USA is still committed to opening their markets for Vietnamese goods, particularly in the areas of agro-fishery products, textiles, shoes and sandals. More particularly, the CPTPP will have positive impacts on our country’s poverty alleviation program.

Will you please talk a bit further about the likely benefits to our export activities?

All signatories to the Free Trade Agreement (FTA), including Việt Nam, are looking for opportunities to expand their markets. Under the CPTPP this content will remain the same as what had been agreed in the TPP. That means the criteria for market opening remains very high.

Regarding goods trade, a road map has been reached for the zero per cent tariff to be levied on goods among the 11 nations. However, for developed nations, the road map is about seven years while for developing nations, the road map will be longer to make it suitable to their development conditions. Basically speaking, the other 10 member nations have agreed to grant Việt Nam a special treatment, no taxes for all of its goods.

At present, on average, the export tax among CPTPP members is around 1.7 per cent. So if Việt Nam enjoys free tax, it will have a direct positive impact on our exports. Although the USA is no more a member to the CPTPP, with its population of 320 million people, Việt Nam will enjoy big benefits.

Besides the field of goods, the CPTPP has also offered us quite a lot of benefits, including the fields of services, investment and the public procurement from the other 10 member nations. For example, in the past, Việt Nam’s public procurement activities abroad were very limited. But nowadays, such activities have increased. A case in point is that the FPT Corporation has offered its software services in Japan.

Will you please talk more about the direct impacts of CPTPP on Việt Nam?

Joining the CPTPP is a vivid demonstration of Việt Nam’s resolve to reform in the course of its international integration. This is an indirect benefit for the country.

According to research, indirect benefits are greater that the direct benefits from the opening of the market. World Bank research has shown that the CPTPP will directly help Việt Nam to increase its GDP to 1 percent, but indirectly, it may help Việt Nam reach a 3.6 percent increase in its GDP.

In reality, signatories to a free trade agreement all agree to apply the same rules of the game. That’s why, in many cases, the non-tariff barriers among the country members have been slashed considerably.

For example, it took Việt Nam many years to persuade foreign importers that our Vietnamese Thanh Long (dragon) fruits are safe to eat. But now our dragon fruits have met the FTA criteria, the importers will feel at ease to import our fruits.

How are Vietnamese enterprises preparing for the CPTPP?

I still remember when Việt Nam joined the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement with Australia and New Zealand, many people argued that we would not be able to compete with dairy products from Australia or New Zealand as the price of the dairy products were the cheapest in the international market. But in reality, our dairy products have been improved considerably. This is a good lesson for us. We should adjust the economic structure in whatever sector has good competitive advantages.

The CPTPP has come up with a long road map in tax reduction for all enterprises to prepare. Of course, small and medium enterprises will face many challenges in this course. So they should pull their efforts to seize golden opportunities presented to them in the course of international integration.­—VNS