1419

Czech Hussites throw seven members of the Prague town council from a window and start a rebellion. King Wenceslas IV dies of a heart attack upon hearing of the incident.

1619

America's first representative assembly convenes in Jamestown, Virginia.

1646

French troops, aided by the Swedish army, invade Bavaria to bring Thirty Years' War to a close.

1709

British forces under Duke of Marlborough and Savoy's Prince Eugene defeat French at Tournai in Belgium.

1907

Elections are held in Philippines for the country's first assembly. The new 80-member assembly is directly elected by a restricted electorate, making it the first elective legislative body in Southeast Asia.

1930

Host Uruguay wins first soccer World Cup, at Montevideo's Centenario Stadium, beating Argentina 4-2. Kurds stage uprising on Persian-Turkish frontier.

1945

The USS Indianapolis, which had just delivered key components of the Hiroshima atomic bomb to the Pacific island of Tinian, is torpedoed by a Japanese submarine. Only 316 out of 1,196 men on board survive in shark-infested waters.

1971

US Apollo 15 astronauts David R Scott and James B Irwin land on the moon.

1974

Greece, Turkey and Britain sign declaration for cease-fire agreement on Cyprus.

1977

Syrian soldiers of Arab League's peacekeeping force in Lebanon set up gun positions around two main Palestinian refugee camps to help control guerrillas.

1982

Panamanian President Aristides Royo Sanchez resigns two years before the end of his six-year term under pressure from the country's military leaders.

1989

Poland's government announces controversial programme to end food price controls and meat rationing.

1990

On his fourth day being held hostage, Prime Minister Arthur N R Robinson of Trinidad offers to resign, call elections and grant his captors amnesty. — AP